Everyone can read an electrolyte level, but when faced with a list of abgs, most nurses wilt. Arterial blood gases made easy request pdf researchgate. Abg analysis is a diagnostic test that helps you assess the effectiveness of your patients ventilation and acidbase balance. Arterial blood gasses, or abgs, may be among the most complex and confusing parts of nursing practice. The hydrogen ions are buffered by desaturated hemoglobin, and hco3 is transported out of the eryth rocytes into the plasma figure 63. Given that this can be difficult, there is a need for a simple algorithm for systematically handling each of the numbers in turn, as discussed below. In this guide, we will teach you the eight 8 steps on how to interpret and analyze arterial blood gas abg results using the tictactoe method. Here on this page, weve created an allinone stop that you can use as a reference for each and every formula that youll see as a respiratory therapy student. Interpreting abgs arterial blood gases made easy ausmed. Gap is partially compensated, or combined abg problems arterial blood gas abg analysis requires indepth expertise. This is bicarbonate, a chemical buffer made in the kidneys to neutralize acids. A study conducted in illinois at freeport health network memorial hospital and swedish american hospital demonstrated that a computerbased module helped nurses to learn abg interpretation.
However, the more complicated and in some ways more important part of abg analysis is ph regulation. Abg quick interpretation parameter acidosis normal alkalosis reflects ph 7. Abg interpretation is as easy as remembering four basic questions, and then answering them in sequence. Remember that one cannot live for long with ph outside of the normal range. Dickmann, mms, rrt interpreting abgs is not as difficult a task as it may seem. Without knowing them, your patient could easily go. And with a number of features to extend component life and ensure quick and easy maintenance, you can rely on your volvo p6820d abg to last. Respiratory therapy formulas, calculations, and equations.
A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Acidbase made easy scott c sherman, md assistant residency director. The results also help you monitor your patients response to treatment. When one thinks of abg analysis, oxygenation may come to mind first. Of course then youll have to practice, practice, practice. Lets look at abg values, and what the abg measures. This guide will focus on a commonly used s evenstep process, which helps ensure a complete interpretation of every abg. Arterial blood gases made easy pdf free download epdf.
Many guides exist to aid the interpretation of the abg, some may vary in how they have ordered, or combined their steps. By the time your test comes up you should be an abg interpretation expert. Arterial blood gas analysis for emergency medicine registrars. Some patients have problems in both the pulmonary system and the renal system. This can lead to a combined respiratory and metabolic acidosis abg results show a low ph with a high paco 2 and a low hco 3, or a combined respiratory and metabolic alkalosis abg results show a high ph with a low paco 2 and a high hco 3. Arterial blood gas analysis for emergency medicine registrars very helpful investigation in critical care you should be an expert you need a system, and must be thorough they are not really that hard part 1 the basics part 2 compensation part 3 metabolic acidosis part 4 metabolic alkalosis. Abg analysis provides several test results, but only three are essential for. Determine the cause of the acidosis or alkalosis by looking at the pco2 and hco3if ph abg quick interpretation parameter acidosis normal alkalosis reflects ph 7. Short educational modules for nurses in arterial blood gas analysis can have significant impact on improving the knowledge of the nurse. Full compensation means that the ph is back to normal.
Partial compensation ph is still abnormal, and the other value is abnormal in an attempt to help normalise the ph. When the ph is normal, it will be fully compensated. If the patient suddenly becomes confused or agitated or begins bucking the ventilator for some unexplained reason, assess for hypoxia and manually ventilate on 100% oxygen with a resuscitation bag. The real value of an abg comes from its ability to provide a nearimmediate reflection of the physiology of your patient, allowing you to recognise and treat pathology more rapidly. This tictactoe technique involves a few charts to help you visualize abgs. This excellent pocketsized handbook, which can be read at one sitting, is an object lesson in clarity. Adjust setting fio 2 and rate according to results of abg analysis to provide normal values or those set by the healthcare provider.
Abg interpretation a guide to understanding abgs geeky. If the results are not understood right, or are wrongly interpreted, it can result in wrong diagnosis and end up in an inappropriate management of the patient. Abgs are often used in conjunction with other tests to check how well the lungs are able to move oxygen into the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the blood. An arterial blood gas abg is a blood test that is used to measure a few vital things is the body, such as the levels of oxygen o2, carbon dioxide co2, acid, or ph from an artery. Interpretation of arterial blood gases is an essence of critical care. Ppt abg interpretation powerpoint presentation free to. Interpretation of the arterial blood gas emergencypedia. Graham p burns, consultant respiratory physician a author. Arterial blood gas measurements unlike other blood tests, which are either high or low, abgs present the doctor with six numbers that need to be interpreted as one result. What this means is that water h2o can combine with co2 and form. Be in complete control of your paver thanks to allaround visibility, intuitive controls and technologically advanced features, including the epm3 and volvo screeds, combined to achieve maximum efficiency. Now, answer these questions and see how many you can hit right.
I sure hope so because that is what this study guide is all about. In addition, provided is a list of commonly encountered acidbase disorders. Respiratory metabolic abgs ph sid hendersonhasselbalch base excess. Be in complete control of your paver thanks to allaround visibility, intuitive controls and technologicallyadvanced features, including the epm3 and volvo screeds, combined to achieve maximum efficiency. A respiratory acidosis with a low shco 3 would indicate a combined respiratory and metabolic acidosis. Body will not overcompensate when it comes to acidbase balance so. Request pdf on jan 1, 2007, i hennessey and others published arterial blood gases made easy find, read and cite all the. This is a thoughtfully designed book, which is very pleasing to the eye and, in the best possible way, easy on the brain. And, with a number of component lifeextending features as well as quick and easy maintenance, you can rely on your volvo p6820d abg to last. Fortunately, there are some easy ways to remember how to decipher these important lab results. Once youve mastered this technique, youll be doing actual abg interpretation. Perfecting your acidbase balancing act american nurse. Ongjoco, do sinai hospital of baltimore abg interpretation first, does the patient. If you want to put your abg interpretation skills to the test, check out our abg quiz.
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